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This book introduces the fundamental concepts and application of foundation analysis design to the civil engineering students. Originally published in the fall of 1983, Braja M. Das' Seventh Edition of PRINCIPLES OF FOUNDATION ENGINEERING. This emphasizes the judgment needed to properly apply the theories and analysis to the evaluation of soils and foundation design as well as the need for field experience and that has made it the leading text in foundation engineering courses. Below are the contents of the book.
1 Geotechnical Properties of Soil
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Grain-Size Distribution
1.3 Size Limits for Soils 5
1.4 Weight–Volume Relationships
1.5 Relative Density
1.6 Atterberg Limits
1.7 Liquidity Index
1.8 Activity
1.9 Soil Classification Systems
1.10 Hydraulic Conductivity of Soil
1.11 Steady-State Seepage
1.12 Effective Stress
1.13 Consolidation
1.14 Calculation of Primary Consolidation Settlement
1.15 Time Rate of Consolidation
1.16 Degree of Consolidation Under Ramp Loading
1.17 Shear Strength
1.18 Unconfined Compression Test
1.19 Comments on Friction Angle,
1.20 Correlations for Undrained Shear Strength, Cu
1.21 Sensitivity 57
Problems
References
2 Natural Soil Deposits and Subsoil Exploration
2.1 Introduction 64
Natural Soil Deposits
2.2 Soil Origin
2.3 Residual Soil
2.4 Gravity Transported Soil
2.5 Alluvial Deposits
2.6 Lacustrine Deposits
2.7 Glacial Deposits 70
2.8 Aeolian Soil Deposits
2.9 Organic Soil
2.10 Some Local Terms for Soils Subsurface Exploration 74
2.11 Purpose of Subsurface Exploration
2.12 Subsurface Exploration Program
2.13 Exploratory Borings in the Field
2.14 Procedures for Sampling Soil
2.15 Split-Spoon Sampling0
2.16 Sampling with a Scraper Bucket
2.17 Sampling with a Thin-Walled Tube
2.18 Sampling with a Piston Sampler
2.19 Observation of Water Tables
2.20 Vane Shear Test
2.21 Cone Penetration Test
2.22 Pressuremeter Test (PMT)
2.23 Dilatometer Test
2.24 Coring of Rocks
2.25 Preparation of Boring Logs
2.26 Geophysical Exploration
2.27 Subsoil Exploration Report
Problems
References
3 Shallow Foundations: Ultimate Bearing Capacity
3.1 Introduction
3.2 General Concept
3.3 Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Theory
3.4 Factor of Safety
3.5 Modification of Bearing Capacity Equations for Water Table
3.6 The General Bearing Capacity Equation
3.7 Case Studies on Ultimate Bearing Capacity
3.8 Effect of Soil Compressibility
3.9 Eccentrically Loaded Foundations
3.10 Ultimate Bearing Capacity under Eccentric Loading—One-Way Eccentricity
3.11 Bearing Capacity—Two-way Eccentricity
3.12 Bearing Capacity of a Continuous Foundation Subjected to Eccentric Inclined Loading
Problems
References
4 Ultimate Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundations: Special Cases
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Foundation Supported by a Soil with a Rigid Base at Shallow Depth
4.3 Bearing Capacity of Layered Soils: Stronger Soil Underlain by Weaker Soil
4.4 Bearing Capacity of Layered Soil: Weaker Soil Underlain by Stronger Soil 198
4.5 Closely Spaced Foundations—Effect on Ultimate Bearing Capacity
4.6 Bearing Capacity of Foundations on Top of a Slope
4.7 Seismic Bearing Capacity of a Foundation at the Edge
of a Granular Soil Slope
4.8 Bearing Capacity of Foundations on a Slope
4.9 Foundations on Rock
4.10 Uplift Capacity of Foundations
Problems
References
5 Shallow Foundations: Allowable Bearing Capacity and Settlement
5.1 Introduction Vertical Stress Increase in a Soil Mass Caused by Foundation Load
5.2 Stress Due to a Concentrated Load
5.3 Stress Due to a Circularly Loaded Area
5.4 Stress below a Rectangular Area
5.5 Average Vertical Stress Increase Due to a Rectangularly Loaded Area
5.6 Stress Increase under an Embankment
5.7 Westergaard’s Solution for Vertical Stress Due to a Point Load
5.8 Stress Distribution for Westergaard Material Elastic Settlement
5.9 Elastic Settlement of Foundations on Saturated Clay ( S 0.5)
5.10 Settlement Based on the Theory of Elasticity
5.11 Improved Equation for Elastic Settlement
5.12 Settlement of Sandy Soil: Use of Strain Influence Factor
5.13 Settlement of Foundation on Sand Based on Standard Penetration Resistance
5.14 Settlement in Granular Soil Based on Pressuremeter Test (PMT) Consolidation Settlement
5.15 Primary Consolidation Settlement Relationships
5.16 Three-Dimensional Effect on Primary Consolidation Settlement
5.17 Settlement Due to Secondary Consolidation
5.18 Field Load Test
5.19 Presumptive Bearing Capacity
5.20 Tolerable Settlement of Buildings
Problems
References
6 Mat Foundations
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Combined Footings
6.3 Common Types of Mat Foundations
6.4 Bearing Capacity of Mat Foundations
6.5 Differential Settlement of Mats
6.6 Field Settlement Observations for Mat Foundations
6.7 Compensated Foundation
6.8 Structural Design of Mat Foundations 304
Problems
References
Contents xi
7 Lateral Earth Pressure
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Lateral Earth Pressure at Rest Active Pressure
7.3 Rankine Active Earth Pressure
7.4 A Generalized Case for Rankine Active Pressure
7.5 Coulomb’s Active Earth Pressure
7.6 Active Earth Pressure Due to Surcharge
7.7 Active Earth Pressure for Earthquake Conditions
7.8 Active Pressure for Wall Rotation about the Top: Braced Cut
7.9 Active Earth Pressure for Translation of Retaining Wall—Granular Backfill Passive Pressure
7.10 Rankine Passive Earth Pressure
7.11 Rankine Passive Earth Pressure: Vertical Backface and Inclined Backfill
7.12 Coulomb’s Passive Earth Pressure
7.13 Comments on the Failure Surface Assumption for Coulomb’s Pressure Calculations
7.14 Passive Pressure under Earthquake Conditions 370
Problems
References
8 Retaining Walls
8.1 Introduction
Gravity and Cantilever Walls
8.2 Proportioning Retaining Walls
8.3 Application of Lateral Earth Pressure Theories to Design
8.4 Stability of Retaining Walls
8.5 Check for Overturning 382
8.6 Check for Sliding along the Base
8.7 Check for Bearing Capacity Failure
8.8 Construction Joints and Drainage from Backfill
8.9 Gravity Retaining-Wall Design for Earthquake Conditions
8.10 Comments on Design of Retaining Walls and a Case Study
Mechanically Stabilized Retaining Walls
8.11 Soil Reinforcement
8.12 Considerations in Soil Reinforcement
8.13 General Design Considerations
8.14 Retaining Walls with Metallic Strip Reinforcement
8.15 Step-by-Step-Design Procedure Using Metallic Strip Reinforcement
8.16 Retaining Walls with Geotextile Reinforcement
8.17 Retaining Walls with Geogrid Reinforcement—General
8.18 Design Procedure fore Geogrid-Reinforced Retaining Wall
Problems
References
9 Sheet Pile Walls
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Construction Methods
9.3 Cantilever Sheet Pile Walls
9.4 Cantilever Sheet Piling Penetrating Sandy Soils
9.5 Special Cases for Cantilever Walls Penetrating a Sandy Soil
9.6 Cantilever Sheet Piling Penetrating Clay
9.7 Special Cases for Cantilever Walls Penetrating Clay
9.8 Anchored Sheet-Pile Walls
9.9 Free Earth Support Method for Penetration of Sandy Soil
9.10 Design Charts for Free Earth Support Method (Penetration into
Sandy Soil)
9.11 Moment Reduction for Anchored Sheet-Pile Walls
9.12 Computational Pressure Diagram Method for Penetration into Sandy Soil
9.13 Fixed Earth-Support Method for Penetration into Sandy Soil
9.14 Field Observations for Anchor Sheet Pile Walls
9.15 Free Earth Support Method for Penetration of Clay
9.16 Anchors
9.17 Holding Capacity of Anchor Plates in Sand
9.18 Holding Capacity of Anchor Plates in Clay ( Condition)
9.19 Ultimate Resistance of Tiebacks
Problems
References
10 Braced Cuts
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Pressure Envelope for Braced-Cut Design
10.3 Pressure Envelope for Cuts in Layered Soil
10.4 Design of Various Components of a Braced Cut
10.5 Case Studies of Braced Cuts
10.6 Bottom Heave of a Cut in Clay
10.7 Stability of the Bottom of a Cut in Sand
10.8 Lateral Yielding of Sheet Piles and Ground Settlement
Problems
References
11 Pile Foundations
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Types of Piles and Their Structural Characteristics
11.3 Estimating Pile Length
11.4 Installation of Piles
11.5 Load Transfer Mechanism
11.6 Equations for Estimating Pile Capacity
11.7 Meyerhof’s Method for Estimating Qp
11.8 Vesic’s Method for Estimating Qp
11.9 Coyle and Castello’s Method for Estimating Qp in Sand
11.10 Correlations for Calculating Qp with SPT and CPT Results
11.11 Frictional Resistance (Qs) in Sand
11.12 Frictional (Skin) Resistance in Clay
11.13 Point Bearing Capacity of Piles Resting on Rock
11.14 Pile Load Tests
11.15 Elastic Settlement of Piles
11.16 Laterally Loaded Piles
11.17 Pile-Driving Formulas
11.18 Pile Capacity For Vibration-Driven Piles
11.19 Negative Skin Friction Group Piles
11.20 Group Efficiency
11.21 Ultimate Capacity of Group Piles in Saturated Clay
11.22 Elastic Settlement of Group Piles
11.23 Consolidation Settlement of Group Piles
11.24 Piles in Rock
Problems
References
12 Drilled-Shaft Foundations
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Types of Drilled Shafts
12.3 Construction Procedures
12.4 Other Design Considerations
12.5 Load Transfer Mechanism
12.6 Estimation of Load-Bearing Capacity
12.7 Drilled Shafts in Granular Soil: Load-Bearing Capacity
12.8 Load-Bearing Capacity Based on Settlement
12.9 Drilled Shafts in Clay: Load-Bearing Capacity
12.10 Load-Bearing Capacity Based on Settlement
12.11 Settlement of Drilled Shafts at Working Load
12.12 Lateral Load-Carrying Capacity—Characteristic Load and Moment Method
12.13 Drilled Shafts Extending into Rock
Problems
References
13 Foundations on Difficult Soils
13.1 Introduction Collapsible Soil
13.2 Definition and Types of Collapsible Soil
13.3 Physical Parameters for Identification
13.4 Procedure for Calculating Collapse Settlement
13.5 Foundation Design in Soils Not Susceptible to Wetting
13.6 Foundation Design in Soils Susceptible to Wetting 694 Expansive Soils
13.7 General Nature of Expansive Soils
13.8 Unrestrained Swell Test
13.9 Swelling Pressure Test
13.10 Classification of Expansive Soil on the Basis of Index Tests
13.11 Foundation Considerations for Expansive Soils
13.12 Construction on Expansive Soils Sanitary Landfills
13.13 General Nature of Sanitary Landfills
13.14 Settlement of Sanitary Landfills 717
Problems
References
14 Soil Improvement and Ground Modification
14.1 Introduction
14.2 General Principles of Compaction
14.3 Field Compaction
14.4 Compaction Control for Clay Hydraulic Barriers
14.5 Vibroflotation
14.6 Blasting
14.7 Precompression
14.8 Sand Drains
14.9 Prefabricated Vertical Drains
14.10 Lime Stabilization
14.11 Cement Stabilization
14.12 Fly-Ash Stabilization
14.13 Stone Columns
14.14 Sand Compaction Piles
14.15 Dynamic Compaction
14.16 Jet Grouting
Problems
References
Answers to Selected Problems
Index
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